Appendix

View the lists of strategies, policies and laws we reviewed in each region.


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Proposals Reviewed in North America

Country/State/ProvinceDocumentStatus (as of July 31, 2025)
AlabamaHB 516Pending with House Commerce and Small Business Committee
ArkansasHB 1876Passed
CaliforniaGenerative Artificial Intelligence: Training Data Transparency (AB 2013)Passed
CaliforniaAI Transparency Act (SB 942)Passed
CanadaArtificial Intelligence and Data Act (C-27)Failed
ColoradoConcerning Consumer Protections in Interactions with Artificial Intelligence Systems (SB24–205)Passed; enters effect February 2026
ConnecticutHB 5524Passed
GuamBill No. 64-38Pending
HawaiiSB 2687Passed
HawaiiSB 59Referred to Senate Committee
IllinoisSB0150Re-referred to Senate Assignments
LouisianaHCR 66Passed
MaineHP 1154Passed
MontanaRight to Compute Act (SB 212)Passed
New HampshireHB 1432Passed
New JerseyBill A5164Pending with Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology Committee
New JerseyAR 158Published
New JerseyA3855Pending
New YorkS 6748Pending with Senate Consumer Protection Committee
North DakotaHB 1429Passed
OntarioStrengthening Cyber Security and Building Trust in the Public Sector ActPassed
Puerto RicoSB 0068Pending
South DakotaSB 164Passed
TennesseeELVIS Act (HB 2091)Passed
TexasResponsible AI Governance Act (HB 149)Passed; enters effect January 2026
United StatesArtificial Intelligence Public Awareness and Education Campaign Act (S 1699)Pending with the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation
United StatesTake It Down Act (S 146)Passed
UtahSB 149Passed
WashingtonHB 1168Pending with House Appropriations Committee

Proposals Reviewed in Latin America and the Caribbean

CountryDocumentStatus (as of July 31, 2025)
Argentina2300-D-2025 (Protection of Privacy, Dignity and Fundamental Rights of People Against the Manipulation of Images with Nudeness or Defamatory Contexts Using Artificial Intelligence)In Chamber of Deputies
Argentina0604-S-2025 (Law on Intelligent Education)In Senate
Argentina1937-D-2025 (Regulates development, implementation and use of AI in the national territory. Creates Ministry of AI.)In Chamber of Deputies
Argentina2573-S-2024 (Regulation of AI)In Senate
Argentina0071-S-2025 (Establishes controls & guiding principles for development, implementation and use of AI systems in Argentine territory)In Senate
Argentina0027-D-2025 (modifies penal code re: use of AI to distribute sexual images)In Chamber of Deputies
Argentina0070-S-2025 (modifies penal code re: use of AI or technology for sexual crimes)In Senate
Argentina2130-D-2025 (Legal framework for development, implementation and responsible use of AI systems in Argentina, modifying the civil, comercial and penal codes of the nation as well as various laws)In Chamber of Deputies
Argentina0511-S-2025 (AI systems)In Senate
Argentina2536-D-2025 (Modifies the protection of the electoral regime facing disinformation from manipulated content)In Chamber of Deputies
Argentina0556-S-2025 (Creates the National Institute of AI)In Senate
Argentina2578-D-2025 (Creates the Bicameral Committee on AI monitoring and follow-up)In Chamber of Deputies
Argentina2397-D-2025 (Modifies the naming and competencies of the Committee on Productive Science, Technology and Innovation and creates the Permanent Committee on AI and New Technologies)In Chamber of Deputies
Argentina0345-D-2025 (creates federal council for AI)In Chamber of Deputies
BoliviaPL558-24 – General AI law
BrazilBill No. 2338/2023Passed Senate; in Chamber of Deputies
BrazilBrazilian Artificial Intelligence Plan (PBIA) 2024-2028n/a
Brazil5721/2023 (on inauthentic synthetic content for nudity or pornography)In Senate
Brazil2024/2024 (on inauthentic digital content)In Senate
Brazil3018/2024 (on the regulation of AI data centers)In Senate
Brazil4532/2024 (on safety & risk mitigation measures for AI systems)In Senate
Brazil210/2024 (on principles for the use of AI in Brazil)Failed to pass Senate
Brazil266/2024 (on AI to improve performance of doctors, lawyers, judges)Failed to pass Senate
Chile16821-19 (Which regulates AI systems)In Chamber of Deputies
ChileDecree 12 – approving an update of the national AI policyEffective as of January 2025
Chile15869-19 (Regulates AI, robotics & associated technology in various contexts)In Chamber of Deputies
Chile17112-19 (Establishes limits on AI development based on human rights)In Chamber of Deputies
Chile17307-07 (Modifies the penal code to characterize AI-generated intimate images)In Senate
Chile16387-19 (Allows AI in mammogram analysis)In Chamber of Deputies
Chile16112-07 (Modifies penal code re AI-assisted identity theft)In Chamber of Deputies
Chile16021-07 (modifies penal code to make AI use an aggravating circumstance)In Senate
Chile15935-07 (modifies penal code to include misuse of AI)In Chamber of Deputies
Colombia442-2025 (Which regulates AI in Colombia to guarantee its ethical and responsible development and enacts other provisions)In Senate for 2025-2026 session
Colombia059/2023 (guidelines for public policy on development & use of AI)Failed to pass Senate
Colombia091/2023 (right to information for responsible AI)Failed to pass Senate
Colombia293/2024 (guidelines for AI training around use of copyrighted materials)Failed to pass Senate
Colombia255/2024 (AI for diminishing road accidents)Failed to pass Senate
Colombia130/2023 (harmonizing AI with right to work)Failed to pass Senate
Costa Rica23919/2023 – Law for the Responsible Promotion of AI in Costa RicaIn Assembly
Costa Rica23771/2023 – Law for the Regulation of AI in Costa RicaIn Assembly
Costa Rica24484/2024 – Law for the Implementation of AI SystemsIn Assembly
Costa Rica24875/2025 – regulating AI in electoral processesIn Assembly
Dominican Republic00818-2025-PLO-SE – Bill of Law on Ethical and Safe Use of AI in the Dominican RepublicIn Committee
Dominican Republic00566-2025-PLO-SE – Bill of Law which establishes the guidelines for public policies oriented towards the development, use, regulation and implementation of AI in the Dominican RepublicIn Committee
Dominican Republic00563-2025-PLO-SE – Bill of Law which Modifies Law 53-07 on Crimes of High Technology, incorporating the Prevention and Sanction of Cyberfraud and the Unacceptable Use of AIIn Committee
Dominican Republic00495-2025-PLO-SE – Bill of Organic Law which regulates AI systems in the Dominican RepublicIn Committee
EcuadorLaw for Encouragement & Development of AIIn Assembly
EcuadorOrganic Law for Digital & AI advantage for children & adolescentsResubmission required (was not resubmitted)
EcuadorOrganic Law for Regulation & Promotion of AI in EcuadorIn Assembly
El SalvadorLaw promoting AI and technologiesIn effect as of 2025
JamaicaNational AI Policy Recommendationsn/a
MexicoBill for National Law that Regulates the Use of Artificial Intelligence In committee
MexicoBill to issue Federal Law for the Inclusive, Sovereign and Ethical Development of Artificial IntelligenceIn committee
PanamaBill 14 “which regulates AI in the republic”
PanamaBill 162/2024 which establishes a framework for promotion & developmentMoved forward February 2025
PanamaBill 149/2023 which promotes and invests in AINot moved forward
ParaguayProposed law that regulates and promotes the creation, development, innovation and and implementation of AI systemsIn Senate
ParaguayLaw that promotes AI for social and economic development of the countryIn Chamber of Deputies
PeruLaw which decrees the progressive implementation of digital transformation in consular offices of PeruIn effect as of 2024
PeruLaw which promotes AI use for the social & economic development of the countryIn effect as of 2023
PeruLaw which modifies penal code to protect copyright facing AIIn effect as of 2025
Peru08223/2023 (Law encouraging & regulating AI)In committees
Peru11459/2024 (supervision and training of AI & advanced technologies)In committees
Peru11436/2024 (biometrics in ATMs)In committees
Peru11351/2024 (for ID and control of participants in social programs)In committees
Peru11232/2024 (AI in curriculum at all levels of education)In committees
Peru11026/2024 (AI to reach SDG goal of “zero hunger”)In committees
Peru10924/2024 (incorporates into various education)In committees
Peru10756/2024 (modifies penal code to include misuse of AI)In committees
Peru10717/2024 (declares AI education a national interest)In committees
Peru10615/2024 (declares AI education a national interest)In committees
Peru10279/2024 (updates curriculum for AI inclusion)In committees
Peru10219/2024 (AI to support the vicuña and prevent poaching)Being debated in full parliament
Peru08969/2024 (law promoting AI in banking)In committees
Peru10737/2024 (modifies existing AI law to support the common good)Withdrawn by author
UruguayNational Strategy 2024-2030n/a
UruguayRecommendations to regulate AIn/a
VenezuelaAI BillStatus unclear
RegionalAI roadmapn/a
RegionalMontevideo declarationn/a

Proposals Reviewed in the Middle East and North Africa

Country/TerritoryDocumentStatus (as of July 31, 2025)
AlgeriaNational AI Action PlanAdopted
BahrainAI Regulation LawApproved by Shura Council; sent to Parliament
EgyptNational AI StrategyPublished
EgyptLaws to regulate AIBeing drafted
Gulf Cooperation CouncilThe Guiding Manual on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence Use in Member States of the Gulf Cooperation CouncilLaunched, formally adopted in Bahrain
IsraelPolicy on Artificial Intelligence Regulations and EthicsPublished
JordanNational Ethics Charter for AIPublished
KuwaitNational AI Strategy 2025–2028Draft
LibyaNational AI PolicyPublished
OmanNational Program for AI and Advanced Digital TechnologiesLaunched/published
OmanGeneral/Public Policy for the Safe and Ethical Use of Artificial Intelligence SystemsAdopted
Palestinian TerritoriesAI National Strategy (document not publicly available)Published
QatarGuidelines for Secure Adoption and Usage of Artificial IntelligenceLaunched
QatarAI Guideline to regulate the use of AI by QCB Licensed EntitiesIn effect
Saudi ArabiaAI Ethics Principles Draft
Saudi ArabiaGenerative AI Guidelines for GovernmentLaunched
Saudi ArabiaGenerative AI Guidelines for PublicLaunched
United Arab Emirates: Abu DhabiLaw No. (3) of 2024In effect
United Arab EmiratesThe UAE Charter for the Development & Use of Artificial IntelligenceLaunched
United Arab EmiratesThe AI Ethics GuideLaunched
United Arab EmiratesThe AI Adoption Guideline in Government Services Launched

Proposals Reviewed in Sub-Saharan Africa

Country/TerritoryDocumentStatus (as of July 31, 2025)
African UnionContinental AI StrategyEndorsed by the African Union Executive Council; In implementation
BeninNational Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Strategy 2023–2027Adopted
Côte d’IvoireStratégie nationale de l’intelligence artificielle 2030Launched
EthiopiaNational AI Policy (document not publicly available)In implementation
GhanaNational AI Strategy 2023-2033Launched
KenyaNational Artificial Intelligence (AI) Strategy 2025-2030 Launched
KenyaInformation Technology Artificial Intelligence Code of PracticeDraft
KenyaRobotics and Artificial Intelligence Society BillDraft
LesothoArtificial Intelligence Policy and Implementation PlanDraft
MauritaniaNational AI strategy 2025-2029Launched
NamibiaNational AI Strategy (document not publicly available)Launched
NigeriaNational AI StrategyDraft
RwandaNational AI PolicyApproved
SenegalStratégie nationale et feuille de route du Sénégal sur l’Intelligence Artificielle Launched
South AfricaNational AI Policy FrameworkPublished
TanzaniaPersonal Information Protection Act 11, 2022In effect
ZambiaNational AI Strategy 2024–2026Launched

Proposals Reviewed in East Asia and the Pacific

Country/TerritoryDocumentStatus (as of July 31, 2025)
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)Guide on AI Governance and EthicsPublished
AustraliaGuidance on Privacy and Developing and Training Generative AI ModelsPublished
AustraliaVoluntary AI Safety StandardPublished
AustraliaCriminal Code Amendment (Deepfake Sexual Material) Bill 2024In effect
ChinaInterim Measures for the Administration of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services [translated]In effect
ChinaMeasures for the Identification of Synthetic Content Generated by Artificial Intelligence [translated]Enters effect September 1, 2025
ChinaAdministrative Provisions on Deep Synthesis in Internet-Based Information Systems [translated]In effect
Hong KongEthical Artificial Intelligence FrameworkPublished
IndonesiaMinisterial Circular Letter on Artificial Intelligence Ethics [translated]Published
JapanGeneral Understanding on AI and Copyright in JapanPublished
JapanPromoting Research, Development, and Utilization of Artificial Intelligence-related Technologies [translated]Passed
MalaysiaThe National Guidelines on AI Governance & EthicsPublished
New ZealandPublic Service AI FrameworkPublished
New ZealandDeepfake Digital Harm and Exploitation BillProposed
PhilippinesArtificial Intelligence Development and Regulation Act of the Philippines (HB 7396)Pending with Committee on Science and Technology
PhilippinesArtificial Intelligence Regulation Act (HB 7913)Pending with Committee on Science and Technology
PhilippinesDeepfake Accountability and Transparency Act (HB 10567)Pending 
SingaporeProposed Model AI Governance Framework for Generative AIPublished
South KoreaBasic Act on Artificial Intelligence [translated]Passed; enters effect January 2026
TaiwanAI Basic Act [translated]Pending
ThailandRoyal Decree on Business Operations that Use AI Systems [translated]Pending
ThailandAct on the Promotion and Support of Artificial Intelligence Innovation [translated]Pending
VietnamLaw on Digital Technology Industry [translated]Passed; enters effect January 2026

Proposals Reviewed in South Asia